Amnesty International has documented serious human rights violations committed by the security forces of Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso in their respective territories during military operations between February 2020 and April 2020. The violations included at least 57 cases of extrajudicial executions or unlawful killings, and at least 142 cases of enforced disappearances. They were committed in a context where the three countries have scaled up their military operations to fight armed groups responsible for multiple attacks against security forces, and for serious human rights abuses against the population.