Since 15 April 2023, thousands of people in Sudan have been killed and injured in deliberate and indiscriminate attacks, as the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) have been battling each other in the capital, Khartoum, and elsewhere in the country – notably in the Darfur and Kordofan regions. Scores of women and girls have been raped by members of the warring sides. Some of the violations by the parties to the conflict, including non-state armed groups and militias at times allied to either side, amount to war crimes. Amnesty International is calling on regional and international powers, notably members of the UN Security Council and UN Human Rights Council as well as state parties to the ICC, to take concrete measures to respond to the scale and urgency of the Sudan conflict.