Iraq

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Overview

Internally displaced people endured worsening conditions amid prolonged displacement. Security forces, armed militias and political actors continued to commit serious human rights violations with near-total impunity. Judicial dysfunction left victims of violations without justice or reparations. Environmental degradation compounded humanitarian challenges. The government increasingly used authoritarian practices, cracking down on dissent, targeting journalists, activists and civil society while curtailing freedom of expression and peaceful assembly. Legislation threatened women’s rights amid worsening societal attitudes towards gender-based violence. The death penalty was applied following trials undermined by severe procedural flaws, while information regarding executions remained opaque.

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Death Penalty status

Retentionist

Retains the death penalty in law

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