Authorities escalated their crackdown on freedom of expression and all forms of dissent, using repressive laws and unfounded charges to prosecute and arbitrarily detain political opponents, journalists, trade unionists, human rights defenders, lawyers and critics. Prior to the October presidential election, authorities intensified their harassment of political opponents, imposed further restrictions on the work of journalists, human rights defenders and NGOs, and took steps to further undermine judicial independence and the rule of law. Authorities increased interceptions at sea and conducted unlawful collective mass expulsions of thousands of asylum seekers, refugees and migrants to the borders with Algeria and Libya. Authorities initiated investigations against at least 14 civil society organizations working on refugees’ and migrants’ rights, undermining foreign nationals’ access to asylum procedures and essential services. LGBTI people faced arbitrary arrests and prosecution.
Read MoreRetains the death penalty in law, but hasn’t executed for at least 10 years
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