Authorities used unnecessary and disproportionate force against demonstrators. The victims of excessive force during the 2022-2023 protests had still not obtained justice. Attacks on journalists and human rights defenders intensified. Legislation affecting the functioning of civil society organizations was approved. Crimes under international law and serious human rights violations committed between 1980 and 2000 could go unpunished following the entry into force of Law 32419. Violence against women and girls remained a major concern, as did reduced access to abortion and medical emergency kits in cases of rape. Recognition of the rights of transgender people suffered setbacks. Venezuelan nationals continued to lack protection.
Read MoreRetains the death penalty only for serious crimes, such as those committed during times of war
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