Overview

Civilians continued to bear the brunt of the devastating armed conflict, while children faced grave violations of their rights. All parties to the conflict continued to commit serious violations of international human rights law and international humanitarian law. Women and girls were exposed to gender-based violence, including conflict-related sexual violence. Climate change exacerbated droughts, undermining the rights to food and water and driving internal and cross-border displacement. Internally displaced people were forcibly evicted nationwide. The right to freedom of expression was severely restricted. The UN Human Rights Council terminated the mandate of the UN Independent Expert on the situation of human rights in Somalia. Somaliland authorities severely restricted the right to freedom of expression and media freedom.