Civilians continued to bear the brunt of the devastating conflict. All parties to the conflict continued to commit serious violations of international humanitarian and human rights law. Floods, erratic rainfall, diseases and persistent conflict caused massive internal displacement and a dire humanitarian crisis, including acute food insecurity. Internally displaced people faced human rights violations and abuses; women and girls were particularly exposed to gender-based and conflict-related sexual violence. The right to freedom of expression was severely restricted and two journalists were killed. Parliament passed a law to prohibit discrimination against persons with disabilities. In Somaliland, authorities restricted the right to freedom of expression and media freedom before the delayed presidential elections.
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