The purpose of this report is to measure the events of one year of the intifada against the universal human rights standards by which governments and individuals should assess their actions. Amnesty International provides, within this publication, historical background to, and specific details of, the Israeli/Palestinian conflict. Chapters focus upon issues of killings by Israelis and Palestinians; arrests, torture and unfair trials; and collective punishment. Chapter seven, the final chapter, details Amnesty International’s recommendations to Israel, the Palestinian Authority, armed groups and the international community.