Immediately following their full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Russian authorities embarked on a campaign to
silence domestic criticism of the war and to stop the dissemination of reports of violations of international humanitarian law committed by Russian forces. The Russian authorities have used a wide arsenal of methods, including administrative and criminal sanctions as well as other arbitrary measures such as dismissals, intimidation and designating critics of the war as “foreign agents”.
Index Number: EUR 46/7017/2023