Amnesty International submits this document in advance of consideration by the United Nations (UN) Committee Against Torture (hereinafter the Committee) of Belgium’s fourth periodic report on the measures taken to give effect to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (hereinafter the Convention) in July 2021. The submission highlights Amnesty International’s recent work on ethnic profiling by the police and other concerns related to policing. It also contains concerns about breaches of the principle of non-refoulement and about detention conditions and notes relevant developments in Belgium’s legal framework and human rights architecture.