On 23 May 2012, Amnesty International concluded its first official visit to Myanmar since 2003. Amidst a myriad of changes taking place in Myanmar, the organization had a preliminary opportunity to assess Myanmar’s current human rights situation. This briefing considers the changes and challenges to human rights under five broad headings most relevant to Amnesty’s work on Myanmar over the last 25 years: political imprisonment; rule of law; ethnic minorities; accountability; and, economic, social and cultural rights.