After two years of trial, on September 27th Brazil’s Supreme Federal Court (STF) concluded its decision on the unconstitutionality of the Time Frame thesis and reaffirmed the original right of Indigenous Peoples to the exclusive use of their ancestral territories. However, on the same day, the Federal Senate urgently approved Bill 2,903/2023, which aims to turn the Time Frame thesis into a law. We now want to pressure President Lula to reject completely this new proposed bill.