This joint letter from Amnesty international; International Crisis Group; and Human Rights Watch states that a key test of the Security Council’s commitment to the concept of “responsibility to protect” is clearly Darfur, western Sudan. Darfur’s civilians have suffered three years of armed conflict, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. The Sudanese government has repeatedly shown its unwillingness to take even the most minimal steps to protect Sudanese civilians. The letter focuses on the UN transition; Sudanese Government Obstruction: Further Sanctions; the Security Council’s Trip to East Africa and urges the Council to take the measures it recommends.