This report, from Amnesty International, IANSA and Oxfam considers the Kalashnikov assault rifle. The spread of these weapons continues largely unchecked by governments, threatening the lives and safety of millions as weapons fall into irresponsible hands. This rifle is the weapon of choice for many armies, militias, armed gangs, law enforcement officials, rebels, and other private actors who abuse fundamental human rights. Four concerted measures by governments to address the proliferation of such assault rifles are recommended: Adopt tough global standards on arms transfers; Control licensed production; Secure existing stockpiles; and, Address demand for weapons.