Behind the gleaming façade of the newly opened Riyadh Metro lies a decade of labour exploitation. This report documents the experiences of some of the migrant workers who built one of Saudi Arabia’s flagship infrastructure projects. Through interviews and legal analysis, Amnesty International reveals how workers from Bangladesh, India and Nepal endured excessive recruitment fees, low and discriminatory wages, unsafe conditions in extreme heat, and inadequate housing – all while under the enduring control of the kafala sponsorship system.
