This bulletin summarizes AI’s chief human rights concerns in 34 countries in Europe during the first six months of 1995. the five Central Asia republics (Kazakhstan, Krgyzstan, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) continue to be included in this bulletin, because of their membership of the CIS and the OCSE. The concerns covered here include: imprisonment of prisoners of conscience; ill-treatment and torture of detainees; violations linked to armed conflicts; refugee and asylum issues; political killings; the death penalty; death in custody or as a result of police shootings; conscientious objection; and discrimination or attacks against religious or ethnic groups. An update is given on ratifications of human rights treaties by European countries.
